The ejection of an electron from the surface of a metal in response to light
is defined as: The photoelectric effect
The minimum energy necessary to eject an electron from a given metal is
called the: Work function (W)
The minimum light frequency necessary to eject an electron from a given
metal is known as the: Threshold frequency
What is the correct equation for the energy (E) of a single photon, given
Planck's Constant (h) and photon frequency (f)? E = hf
Which equation correctly gives the maximum kinetic energy (Kmax)
of an ejected electron in the photoelectric effect, where E is the photon
energy and W is the work function? Kmax = E - W
According to the Bohr model, if an electron absorbs a photon, its orbital
(n) will generally go: Up (to a higher-energy orbit)
When an electron falls from a higher-energy orbit to a lower-energy orbit,
what process occurs? It emits a photon of light
The emission and absorption spectra of a substance provide information that
allows scientists to determine: What elements are found in the substance
What is the term for the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed
light or other electromagnetic radiation, where the emitted light typically
has lower energy? Fluorescence
What nuclear process occurs when small nuclei combine into larger nuclei,
converting mass into energy? Nuclear fusion
What nuclear process occurs when a large, unstable nucleus splits into
smaller nuclei? Nuclear fission
The general process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by
emitting radiation is called: Radioactive decay
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an alpha particle, which is a/an: Helium nucleus (⁴₂He)
In Beta-negative (β⁻) decay, a fundamental change occurs within the nucleus,
specifically the decay of a: Neutron into a proton
What particle is emitted along with an antineutrino during Beta-negative
(β⁻) decay? Electron (β⁻ particle)
The process of Beta-positive (β⁺) decay involves the decay of a: Proton into a neutron
What two particles are emitted during Beta-positive (β⁺) decay? A positron and a neutrino
Gamma (γ) decay is the emission of a gamma ray, which is made up of: Photons
The purpose of Gamma (γ) decay is to: Convert a high-energy nucleus into a more stable nucleus
What is the process that unstable atoms can use to become more stable by an
electron in an atom's inner shell combining with a proton in the nucleus? Electron capture
In the process of electron capture, the combination of an inner-shell
electron and a proton forms a: Neutron and a neutrino
The amount of time required for half of a sample of radioactive nuclei to
decay is known as the: Half-life
The graph showing the number of undecayed nuclei decreasing over time, where
the rate of decay is directly proportional to the amount present, is an
example of: Exponential decay
Which of the following is an example of a nucleus (X) emitting a helium
nucleus (⁴₂He) to form a new nucleus (Y)? Alpha decay
A student measures the energy of a photon to be E. If this photon strikes a
metal with a work function W, and E > W, what represents the energy given to
the electron as kinetic energy? E - W