A variant form of a gene located at the same position on a chromosome is known as a/an: Allele
Which type of allele only requires one copy in order to be expressed in the phenotype? Dominant
Which type of allele requires two copies (must be homozygous) in order to be expressed? Recessive
The combination of alleles an organism has at a given locus is defined as the: Genotype
A genotype that possesses two of the same alleles (e.g., AA or aa) is referred to as: Homozygous
An organism with a heterozygous genotype has: Two different alleles
A recessive allele is only expressed if an organism is [...] for that trait. Homozygous
The observable manifestation of a genotype is referred to as the: Phenotype
In [...] dominance, the effect of the dominant allele completely masks the effect of the recessive allele in the heterozygous condition. Complete
Which form of intermediate inheritance occurs when one allele is not completely expressed over its paired allele, resulting in a blended phenotype (e.g., red + white → pink)? Incomplete dominance
Codominance is a situation in which: Both alleles are simultaneously expressed in the heterozygote.
[...] is the proportion of individuals carrying a particular gene variant who also express an associated trait. Penetrance
The phenomenon where a phenotype is expressed but to a different degree among individuals with the same genotype is called: Variable expressivity
When genes flow from one species to another via hybrid offspring (e.g., between a zebra and a horse), the process is known as: Genetic leakage
Genetic drift is a change in the composition of the gene pool that occurs as a result of: Chance
The Founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by: A very small number of individuals
According to the 7 taxonomic ranks, which is the broadest (most inclusive) rank? Kingdom
Mendel's Law of [...] states that the alleles of two or more different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another. Independent assortment
Which type of mutation is much larger than a nucleotide mutation and affects whole segments of DNA? Chromosomal mutation
A chromosomal mutation in which a large segment of DNA is lost is called: Deletion
A chromosomal mutation in which a segment of DNA is copied multiple times is known as: Duplication
A chromosomal mutation where a segment of DNA is reversed on the same chromosome is an: Inversion
A chromosomal mutation in which a segment of DNA is swapped with a segment of DNA from another chromosome is called: Translocation
The Griffith experiment demonstrated that bacteria can take up DNA from their environment, a process known as: Transformation
The Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment built upon Griffith's work and directly showed that [...] was the molecule that caused bacterial transformation. DNA
The Hershey-Chase experiment, using bacteriophages labeled with radioactive sulfur and phosphorus, confirmed that [...] is the genetic material. DNA
A [...] square is a square diagram used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of a particular genetic cross. Punnett
A typical dihybrid cross (AaBb x AaBb) results in which phenotypic ratio in the offspring? 9:3:3:1
When two genes are close together on the same chromosome, they [...] and are said to be linked. Do not assort independently
The [...] two alleles are on the same chromosome, the more likely they are to assort independently during meiosis. Farther apart