When a person is wide awake, alert, and actively concentrating on a task, an
EEG reading will primarily display which type of brain wave? Beta waves
A person who is awake but tired, has their eyes closed, and is in a relaxed
state would primarily display which type of brain wave on an EEG? Alpha waves
The practice of intentionally quieting the mind and focusing attention on a
single point of reference is called: Meditation
Which state of consciousness is characterized by an individual being in a
highly suggestible state while appearing to maintain normal control of their
faculties? Hypnosis
Alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines all belong to the category of
psychoactive drugs known as: Depressants
Which class of drugs acts to excite the nervous system, leading to increased
heart rate and blood pressure? Stimulants
The primary cause of death resulting from an overdose of opiates and opioids
is: Respiratory depression
LSD, peyote, mescaline, and ketamine are all examples of: Hallucinogens
The specific neural structure, which includes the nucleus accumbens and
ventral tegmental area, that mediates drug addiction is the: Mesolimbic pathway
The sleep stage characterized by the appearance of sleep spindles and K
complexes on an EEG is: Stage 2
Slow-wave sleep (SWS), the deepest part of the sleep cycle, occurs during
which stage(s)? Stages 3 and 4
During which sleep stage does the EEG show beta waves—indicating a mind that
appears awake—despite the body being largely paralyzed? Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep
The natural, internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and
repeats roughly every 24 hours is called the: Circadian rhythm
According to the activation-synthesis theory, dreams are randomly activated
in the brainstem and subsequently: Synthesized in the cortex
Conditions like insomnia, narcolepsy, and sleep apnea, which make it
difficult to fall asleep, stay asleep, or avoid sleep, are classified as: Dyssomnias
Conditions that cause abnormal movements or behaviors during sleep, such as
sleepwalking and night terrors, are categorized as: Parasomnias
Which brain wave is characteristic of the lightest stage of sleep (Stage
1)? Theta waves
A key feature of REM sleep that is also seen in the state of Alertness is
the presence of: Beta waves
Which neurotransmitter is the main one involved in the mesolimbic pathway
and mediates the feeling of reward that contributes to drug addiction? Dopamine
A person under hypnosis is likely to show a higher amount of which brain
wave compared to someone who is fully alert? Alpha waves