Psychology - Psychiatric Disorders - MCAT Practice Questions
A disorder characterized by disturbed development of the central nervous
system, which includes conditions like intellectual disability and ADHD, is
categorized as a: Neurodevelopmental Disorder
Disorders marked by acquired cognitive decline in one or more cognitive
domains, typically seen in conditions like dementia, are classified as: Neurocognitive Disorders
The category of disorders involving problems with sleep quality, timing, or
amount, leading to daytime dysfunction and distress, is collectively known
as: Sleep Disorders
A potentially serious sleep disorder characterized by repeated breathing
interruptions during sleep is called: Sleep Apnea
Gender Dysphoria is characterized by: Distress from a mismatch between birth-assigned sex and gender
identity
Sexual fantasies, urges, or behaviors that are distressing or disabling and
involve inanimate objects, nonconsenting adults, or self-harm are key
features of: Paraphilic Disorders
The early signs or symptoms of a disease, appearing before more specific
diagnostic indicators, are collectively known as: Prodrome
A long-term pattern of disregard for or violation of the rights of others,
often accompanied by a low moral sense or conscience, is characteristic
of: Antisocial Personality Disorder
A patient with a history of unstable relationships, highly impulsive
behaviors, and inappropriate or extreme emotional reactions is most likely
to be diagnosed with: Borderline Personality Disorder
A person who exhibits excessive attention-seeking emotions, uses
inappropriately seductive behavior, and has an excessive need for approval
may be diagnosed with: Histrionic Personality Disorder
The anxious personality disorder characterized by an inability to be alone,
leading to high anxiety when separated from others, is: Dependent Personality Disorder
The general term for ways the mind convinces itself of something untrue,
leading to negative thought patterns, is: Cognitive Distortions
After getting a low score on one minor assignment, a student thinks, "My
academic career is completely ruined, and I'm a total failure." This is an
example of which cognitive distortion? Overgeneralization
A person spills coffee on themselves and immediately concludes, "This is
typical—everything bad always happens to me." This is an example of which
cognitive distortion? Overgeneralization
A journalist receives ten positive reviews and one negative review for a
story but spends the entire day dwelling on the single negative review. This
focus on the negative, ignoring the positive, is called: Mental filter
A coworker receives praise from their boss, but immediately dismisses it by
thinking, "She's just saying that to be nice; it doesn't really count." This
is an example of: Disqualifying the positive
Which cognitive distortion is characterized by telling oneself or others
rigid, often unrealistic expectations about how they or the world should be,
such as "I should never make a mistake at work"? Should statements
A person feels anxious, and based only on that feeling, concludes that
something terrible must be about to happen. This thought process is known
as: Emotional reasoning
A manager blames herself entirely for a delay in a project, even though the
delay was caused by multiple factors outside of her control, including a
supplier issue. This distortion is: Personalization
Which cognitive distortion is described by concluding that one's current
efforts will eventually be rewarded in the future, despite no direct link
between the efforts and the reward (e.g., suffering now means guaranteed
happiness later)? Heaven's reward fallacy