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Psychology - Social Psychology and Behavior - MCAT Practice Questions

A student fails an exam and then goes home and yells at their younger sibling. This scenario is most directly an illustration of the:
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis






The tendency to blame victims of misfortune by reasoning that they must have done something to deserve their fate is an example of the:
Just-World Phenomenon






A manager gives a high rating to an employee's work ethic solely because the manager found the employee to be generally attractive and friendly. This bias is known as the:
Halo Effect






When people start believing that their personal dietary preferences are far more common among the general population than they actually are, they are exhibiting the:
False Consensus Effect






Assuming that others will experience a movie the same way you are currently experiencing it, despite knowing they have a different background, is best described as:
Projection Bias






An individual consistently votes for the political candidate whose face they have seen most frequently on television advertisements, illustrating the principle of the:
Mere-Exposure Effect






The practice of blaming an immigrant group for a country's economic woes, despite evidence to the contrary, is a clear example of:
Scapegoating






The systematic study of people and cultures, often involving a researcher living within the community for an extended period, is called:
Ethnography






A national consumer group expresses a strong preference for imported clothing styles and technology, dismissing locally produced items as inferior. This attitude reflects:
Xenocentrism






Which characteristic of the McDonaldization of Society refers to the emphasis on quantifiable objectives rather than subjective quality?
Calculability






A doctor's office implements a system where every patient visit follows a rigid, step-by-step script, regardless of the patient's individual needs, in an effort to save time. This is an application of which characteristic of McDonaldization?
Efficiency






A warning call given by a squirrel to alert its offspring of a predator, even though the call puts the squirrel at risk, is an example of altruism explained by:
Kin Selection






The strategy of an unrelated bat sharing blood with another bat, with the expectation of receiving a shared meal in the future, is best explained by:
Reciprocal Altruism






The concept of an organism directing a signal, like a song or chemical marker, towards itself to regulate its own internal state or behavior is termed:
Autocommunication






Giving a robot a name and assuming it feels "tired" after a long shift are acts of:
Anthropomorphism






A population where the choice of a mate is purely random, meaning any male is equally likely to mate with any female, is practicing:
Random Mating






A population of birds where the biggest males preferentially mate with the biggest females is exhibiting:
Assortative Mating






The biological modeling of Darwinian competition, focusing on strategies and analytics in evolving populations, utilizes:
Evolutionary Game Theory






An organization whose primary function is to provide members with a paycheck or some other material benefit in exchange for their work is classified as a(n):
Utilitarian organization






An organization whose Control Mechanism over its members is primarily Force, such as a prison or mental hospital, is known as a:
Coercive organization






A support group that focuses on providing a sense of social belonging and connection to its members is primarily offering:
Companionship Support






An individual joining a book club purely because they enjoy discussing literature and making new friends, fitting the description of Voluntary, based on shared goals and interests, would be joining a:
Normative organization






A banking institution's official policy of denying loans in specific low-income, predominantly minority neighborhoods, even if not explicitly targeting race, is an example of:
Institutionalized Discrimination






A city's bus routes, which were designed decades ago to avoid minority neighborhoods, now continue to negatively impact residents by limiting their access to new suburban job centers. This demonstrates:
Past-in-Present Discrimination






A policy that limits the hiring of individuals with a criminal record (a seemingly neutral rule) disproportionately affects a specific racial group that has been unfairly targeted by the judicial system. This best illustrates:
Side Effect Discrimination