Biology - Immunity - MCAT Practice Questions
Innate immunity represents defenses that are always active and are best
described as:
Non-specific
Adaptive immunity are defenses that are:
Specific to the invader
Which of the following acts as a physical barrier and secretes antimicrobial
enzymes like defensins?
Skin
The sticky substance made in your nose, throat, and lungs that traps
bacteria, viruses, and dust is called:
Mucous
What is the antimicrobial enzyme found in tears and saliva that forms part
of the innate immune system?
Lysozyme
The complement system's function includes:
Attacking the pathogen's cell membrane and promoting inflammation.
A type of protein given off by virally infected cells that interferes with
viral replication and dispersion is a/an:
Interferon
Which innate immune cells ingest pathogens and present them on MHC-II?
Macrophages
MHC I glycoproteins are present in:
All nucleated cells.
Which Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecule displays exogenous
antigen to helper CD4+ T-Cells?
MHC-II
The main function of dendritic cells is to:
Process antigen material and present it to T cells.
Natural killer cells are a type of lymphocyte that specifically recognizes
and kills:
The body's own cells that are cancerous or virally infected.
Humoral immunity is the component of the adaptive immune system provided
by:
Antibodies
B cells are directly responsible for generating:
Antibodies to specific antigens.
The term used to describe the mutation of the antigen-binding site (variable
region) on an antibody is:
Hypermutation
The immune process where pathogens are targeted for destruction by a
phagocyte because they have been marked by antibodies is known as:
Opsonization
When antibodies cause pathogens to clump together into insoluble complexes,
this is called:
Agglutination
Memory B cells are crucial in secondary infections because they:
Generate an accelerated and more robust antibody-mediated response.